Anika Sharma

2011-10-15T10:08:00.000-07:00

“Visual impairment has nothing to do with fulfilling one’s dreams,” Esther Sylvester

Independent filmmaking is a great challenge, especially when it is on a subject like disability! Recreating two different worlds – real and virtual – of a person with visual impairment and giving life to his story on screen is definitely a brainstorming task. In an interview with freelance journalist Anika Sharma, Esther Sylvester, an independent filmmaker from Allahabad, talks about her uncompromising passion for cinema and music, her recent project ‘Blind Vision’ and what disability means to her.

Anika Sharma: How did you get interested in filmmaking?

Esther Sylvester: “Destiny is no matter of chance. It is a matter of choice: It is not a thing to be waited for, it's a thing to be achieved.” - William Jennings Bryan.

This is one of my favourite quotes and one I live by. If you want something really badly in life, you will get it as long as you don’t give up and follow that road which leads to it. Filmmaking is one of the best ways to establish a connect with a lot of people as the medium is audio-visual and the language of cinema is universal. As long as I can remember, I loved cinema. All I needed to be happy was a bunch of films and that was my world. I grew up on the classics, old black and white films like “Casablanca”, “Ben Hur”, “Lawrence of Arabia”, “Sound of Music”, “The Great Escape” to name a few, which may have been heavy for a child of nine or ten, but for me they created a new world. At that age, I never knew who is a director or producer, all I knew was I want to grow up and create a new world on screen and tell stories that have never been told before.

Anika Sharma: How did the idea for your film ‘Blind Vision’ originate?

Esther Sylvester: ‘Blind Vision’ is a film which came about when I met and learnt about the life of Manish, our case study in the film. I always use to think what role can sound and touch play in someone’s life, who could once see dreams and understand his dreaming patterns. Manish took me on a journey into his world of dreams and through dreams and reality his life’s story is pieced together in ‘Blind Vision’.

Anika Sharma: Was it difficult to direct a film on the story of a person with visual impairment?

Esther Sylvester: The job of a good director and a good film team is to recreate anything on screen and a person’s visual impairment does not make it difficult. On the contrary, it gives an opportunity to think and work out of the box, increasing the level of creativity. A good story is everything. The challenge of every independent filmmaker is to move away from convention and tell a story that’s unique. A good budget opens endless possibilities in enhancing the recreation of the story, of which we did not have liberty to. This was the only difficulty we faced, but nevertheless, achieved a positive outcome. Moreover, I wanted to tell a story that could bring meaning to someone’s life. I wanted to make ‘Blind Vision’ to share something – to let other people see what a blind person sees and most importantly, feel what a person with disability feels.

Anika Sharma: Can you share a behind-the-scenes anecdote from its filming?

Esther Sylvester: This was a tragedy averted but it now is an anecdote for the entire team of the film and something that we look back and laugh upon. On the Greater Noida Highway, there were two cars, one in which the Director of Photography (D.O.P.) was filming and the other in which the sound guys were following. All of a sudden while filming, the D.O.P. felt a change in the level of light and an intense heat. The light burst inside the car and almost set his hair on fire. All of us rushed outside the car. It was a horrifying experience but these things happen at times in filming. Thank God, we were saved and the scene was shot because we were no way going to try it again, at least for that night.

Anika Sharma: What was it about Manish’s story that attracted you the most?

Esther Sylvester: Manish’s story is enduring and it is a story which needed to be told. I hope to raise enough funds one day to tell his entire life story to the world. Here is a boy who lost everything in his life including his eye sight. He is an ordinary person like you and me, no different. But the only difference between Manish and someone like me would be that he has extraordinary courage to move on in life, rise above the obstacles which life has thrown at him and move on to fulfill his dreams. Yes, he goes through times of depression and loneliness but still rises above all that and follows the ray of light in his dark world, something that we are unable to see with everything we have.

Anika Sharma: Your film shows a pattern of dreams of a person with visual impairment. How difficult was it to understand those dream patterns, sequencing two (virtual and real) different worlds, in case of a blind person?

Esther Sylvester: It was not difficult for me to understand his dreaming patterns. The main challenge was to make a film that could be understood on screen by someone who is visually impaired and someone who is not. The narration and dialogues of the film have been written keeping its relationship to both in mind.

Anika Sharma: What distinguishes ‘Blind Vision’ from other short films or documentaries? What message are you intending to spread through your film?

Esther Sylvester: ‘Blind vision’ is a short film about the story of a real man and his real dreams. The story has been recreated in fiction yet everything about it is factual. The film pieces together Manish’s dreams which lead to his ultimate dream in life. The message of the film is simple: “visual impairment has nothing to do with fulfilling one’s dreams”.

Anika Sharma: How did you choose your actors, cast and crew?

Esther Sylvester: Making an independent film is an incredibly challenging undertaking. The actors and crew of ‘Blind Vision’ were friends and family who came together to make the film. People with the same vision working together is what made it possible to bring to life.

Anika Sharma: Tell us about your experience making ‘Blind Vision’.

Esther Sylvester: As I said earlier a good budget opens endless possibilities in enhancing the recreation of the story of which we did not have liberty to and that was the only challenge which we faced. But we overcame that with the help of a dedicated crew and have made a film which we are proud of. The experience was a valuable one for people both behind and in front of the camera.

Anika Sharma: What about your film’s distribution? How are you planning to promote it?

Esther Sylvester: The film will be taken to the festival circuit in India and abroad. Hopefully then, we would try finding a buyer in the U.S., to pick it up and then distribute it or do a commercial screening abroad, because this sensibility and format of a docu-feature isn't what India and Indian cinema industry is used to. So, it’s fruitless to even think of that route here. However, people in Hollywood who I am connected with have shown interest and they shall be instrumental in this film being shown to the right audience and spaces too. More information on my film ‘Blind Vision’, its release and a short promo can be accessed at - http://blindvisionthefilm.blogspot.com/.

Anika Sharma: What is your idea of “inclusive cinema”? Any message for the disability sector?

Esther Sylvester: For me, inclusive cinema means making films that are “inclusive” in every sense. That is, films that can be seen and understood by both – a person with disability and without disability. Cinema is a great medium of communication. For those with a disability of sight – the sounds and description help create and weave a story, which would give them an escape from their normal life too. For those with sound impairment – the tool of subtitles and the motion picture on screen helps transport and keep the person engaged and the meaning of the film intact. So, all in all, cinema incorporates life, sound, colour, people, stories, music et all… and above all, has no boundaries or limitations. However, I can never fully understand what a person with disability goes through, but I would like to thank Manish for trusting me with his story and allowing me to recreate it on screen. I hope that I would be successful in doing justice to a story of a person with visual impairment and make many more films like ‘Blind Vision’ to share a message that – disability is not an obstacle for anyone and one must pursue one’s dreams by moving ahead with courage.

Links:

http://blindvisionthefilm.blogspot.com/

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SBotwo3L8BM

2011-10-15T09:49:00.000-07:00

Interview

‘Persons with Down’s syndrome not getting proper treatment as human beings’

A well-known face in the Indian medical and disability fraternity, winner of the ‘Bajaj Discover – Positive Health Medical Excellence Award 2010’, the 43-year-old ‘geneticist with a social cause’ and Founder President of the Down’s syndrome Care Association, Dr Dnyandeo Kisan Chopade says: “There is tremendous ignorance and lack of awareness about Down’s syndrome not only in general society, but in doctors’ society too.” In an exclusive interview with Anika Sharma of D.N.I.S., the Nashik-based doctor talks about various issues and challenges concerning persons with Down’s syndrome, laws for their protection and rehabilitation.

D.N.I.S.: Please tell us in brief about yourself.

Dr. Chopade: I am a medical doctor. I have my genetic centre in the name ‘Genetic Health & Research Centre’ at Nashik, started in the year 2003, where I am providing counseling and testing for patients of genetic disorders. My main area of work is Genetic Health Assessment, Genetic Counseling and Chromosomal Analysis. I started ‘Down’s syndrome Care Association’ (D.S.C.A.) as its Founder President in 2006, with a few parents of Down’s syndrome children and doctors from relevant specialities.

D.N.I.S.: What is Down’s syndrome? Where did the idea of establishing D.S.C.A. come from?

Dr. Chopade: Down’s syndrome (D.S.) is the most commonly occurring chromosomal disorder in newborns, causing multiple disabilities with an incidence of 1 in 800. D.S. is caused by an extra chromosome 21 in the child. Normally, everyone of us has two copies of chromosome 21, whereas in D.S. there are three copies, and this extra copy of the chromosome is responsible for number of disabilities in the child. Often D.S. is associated with some impairment of cognitive ability, physical growth and physical appearance. Most individuals with D.S. have intellectual disability in the mild (I.Q. 50–70) to moderate (I.Q. 35–50) range. As a result, they may have some health problems but not necessarily in all the cases. They can become fairly self reliant in everyday life if proper education and training is given to them both at home and school. Emotional and behavioral problems that are often reported by family or others, results only when their emotional needs are not taken care of.

I had been actively working in the area of medical genetics for the last 18 years and have been observing Down’s syndrome as the most common genetic disease. What I also observed is that due to lack of knowledge, ignorance about the condition on part of the clinicians, general apathy at all concerned levels and unavailability of a support system, parents of D.S. children literally experience guilt, anger, indifference towards the child, hatred, inferiority complex and a lot of suffering. Not only the child suffers because of this, but the whole family’s happiness is at stake. This made me think of having an association of the parents and all the likely supporters. D.S.C.A. is a charitable registered trust, working towards the betterment of individuals and families of Down’s syndrome. It is one of the very few N.G.O.s in India involved in creating general public awareness about D.S. and providing assistance to affected families.

D.N.I.S.: What is D.S.C.A.'s primary area of work? What are the challenges you seem to be facing?

Dr. Chopade: With a mission to create an opportunity for D.S. individuals to live life powerfully and the life they love, we have set certain goals for D.S.C.A. These goals are to create a national platform for D.S. individuals and families, to create appropriate opportunities for them, to make necessary literature available through books, website and C.D. R.O.M.s, to do research at national level and disseminate the knowledge and to arrange conferences at various levels.

There are many challenges that we are facing. We do not have any source of income, manpower, place or land of our own and do not have any corpus of money for various activities. Only those involved with us voluntarily are doing the work selflessly. For some of the activities like the World Down’s syndrome Day, we could procure meagre funds. But then, we are finding it very difficult to continue with the work without financial and manpower support.

D.N.I.S.: What are the issues concerning people with Down’s syndrome?

Dr. Chopade: There are number of issues concerning persons with Down’s syndrome. They are not attended properly at all the possible levels like at home, schools, hospitals, society or workplace. They are not getting proper education and support. They are discriminated and hardly get their share of public resources. It will not be an overstatement if I say that they are not getting proper treatment as human beings. Apart from many health problems, there are other concerns like social acceptance, behavioral problems, financial problems, etc. There is no cure available for D.S. However, with early intervention strategies, proper support system, suitable education, public awareness, parents’ education for dealing with the situation and rehabilitation, D.S. individuals can live a reasonably good quality of life.

D.N.I.S.: What are the laws in India to protect the rights of persons with Down’s syndrome?

Dr. Chopade: In my knowledge, there is no special law dealing with the problems of Down’s syndrome exclusively. However, all the laws applicable for disabled persons are applicable to persons with Down’s syndrome also.

D.N.I.S.: Is the Persons with Disabilities Act (1995) being used by persons with Down’s syndrome to avail the various provisions listed under it?

Dr. Chopade: We have around 115 registrations of D.S. families from and around Nashik. Parents are not aware of any laws for the benefit of their child. However, we have recently started studying the laws and finding out the possibilities of support from the government and other agencies for these D.S. individuals and families. We have procured disability certificates of most of the registered D.S. children and now we have applied for the ‘Niramay Scheme’ for health insurance of some of the kids.

D.N.I.S.: Do you think there is a lack of awareness about Down’s syndrome in society?

Dr. Chopade: Yes. There is tremendous ignorance and lack of awareness about Down’s syndrome not only in general society, but in doctors’ society too.

D.N.I.S.: How many people are affected in India with Down’s syndrome?

Dr. Chopade: There is no data showing the exact number of people with D.S. born in India, but there are estimates showing that every day approximately 60-70 D.S. babies are born, making it around 20,000 to 25,000 D.S. babies a year.

D.N.I.S.: According to some reports in the media, almost 98% of children with Down’s syndrome have no access to education. What is your take on this? Should they be integrated into mainstream education?

Dr. Chopade: I cannot comment on the percentage as I do not have exact research data available. However, in my opinion, most of the D.S. children do not get the facility of education, especially from the rural areas. The western world has shown through research that children with D.S. should be integrated into mainstream schools for better inclusion. In India, this is not giving results for a number of reasons. One and the most important reason that I have studied is the negligent attitude of teaching institutions towards D.S. children. There are number of other reasons like unavailability of special staff, inadequate care providers, inadequate requisite facilities, mismatching syllabi for D.S. children and so on. My study also says that D.S. children do not receive proper education even in the existing special schools.

D.N.I.S.: What can be done to rehabilitate persons with Down’s syndrome?

Dr. Chopade: There are many things that can be done to rehabilitate persons with Down’s syndrome. First and most important is to create opportunities for suitable education, acceptable environment, awareness about the condition in society, special skill training based on individual capabilities, creating specific job profiles for the individuals and so on.

Link:

http://dnis.org/interview.php?issue_id=4&volume_id=8&interview_id=161

2011-10-15T09:15:00.000-07:00

Interview

India should ratify 'Optional Protocol': Shuaib Chalklen

He is a prominent leader who has made extensive contributions to the advancement of disabled persons within both regional and global frameworks. He has assumed numerous positions in the fields of disability, governance and administration at the national and global levels. Shuaib Chalklen, U.N. Special Rapporteur on Disability of the Commission for Social Development, says “international cooperation and exchange of information is a critical factor”. In an exclusive interview with Anika Sharma of D.N.I.S., Chalklen says that he looks at disability as a cause and is still trying to make a revolution. He talks about various disability movements in Africa, issues faced by disabled persons vis-à-vis access and shares his views on the new Disability Law in India. Excerpts:

D.N.I.S.: When did you first become aware of the disability issues? What influence this has had on your way of thinking and on your life?

Shuaib Chalklen: I became disabled in 1976. As far as I know, the disability movement in South Africa started in the 1980s. However, I became personally aware of that only in 1990 when I met a group of disabled persons in Cape Town. It had started in Johannesburg and was quite a strong movement in most of the Northern part of the country. But it was very weak in Cape Town and its surrounding areas. I formally joined the National Movement in 1991-92 and took up a job as a National Training Officer in the disability movement. It was an eye-opener to look at disability also as a cause. I hadn’t thought of it in this context before. There was only one cause in South Africa at that time and it was fighting the previous regime and the Apartheid system, so that was the main cause for everybody. Therefore, disability was something new for me, but it was also a good thing, personally.

D.N.I.S.: How strong is the disability movement in Africa? Can you give us an insight into its history?

Shuaib Chalklen: In the whole of Africa, in each country, there are at least a few organizations of disabled people. But it depends on how you define a strong movement. In my view, a strong movement is a movement that can challenge the state to achieve something. The objective of the exercise is to change the conditions of disabled people. So, a strong movement must be gauged around that. Does it have an impact? Therefore, if I look at Africa as a whole, there are only a few countries that have changed the conditions of disabled people. And part of the reason is that, in many African countries, the movements are very weak. There is a strong state that doesn’t allow civil society to flourish or grow.

D.N.I.S.: Can you tell us something about the latest developments in terms of new concepts vis-à-vis access in Africa?

Shuaib Chalklen: There are some countries in Africa where access is non-existent. Algeria, Libya and Tunisia are some examples. But, there are some developments related to access in North Africa, Morocco and Egypt. There are wheelchair accessible rooms in hotels, but if you go further than that, then there is no access. In Sub-Saharan Africa, access doesn’t exist. In South Africa, you may find some access. If you go to a beach in South Africa, along a promenade, then you’ll find that public toilets are accessible, there are pedestrian crossings for blind people, and so on.

D.N.I.S.: So, what is the government doing about this?

Shuaib Chalklen: Twenty-two countries in Africa have ratified the Convention, out of 54. I have worked in every single African country in three years and all these governments have told me that they have got wonderful policies on disability. When I meet the Prime Ministers and Ministers and ask them about the Convention, they tell me: “No, we don’t need to ratify it. We have a wonderful policy on disability.” Strangely, they do not implement even one of its provisions. Now, there could be two reasons for that. Either they have got weak movements, so nobody apprises them or they have got a compromised leadership. The leadership of the disability movement is so close to the government that the leader doesn’t challenge them because the government gave him an office, the government gave him a car, so he is not going to complain. There are disabled people, but they have no say.

D.N.I.S.: There is a huge debate in the Indian disability sector regarding a new and comprehensive law based on U.N.C.R.P.D. What are your views on the subject?

Shuaib Chalklen: Well, I am not fully aware of the debate. But, in my view, if we look at all the U.N. documents from the World Program of Action, the Standard Rules up to the Convention now, none of them made a division on the basis of different categories of disability. The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (C.R.P.D.) is one document that makes reference to all the rights of all the disabled people. So, we would suggest that, in India or in any other country, there should be one law for all disabled people. And, as I said earlier, the objective of the exercise is to change the conditions of disabled people. But, what we often find is that there are so many committees and so many different organizations that it becomes difficult. So, my own view is that, there should be only one legal instrument because despite the implementation challenges, different ministries and agencies work differently. If you have one law, then it becomes easier for disabled people, legally, to challenge it if it is not implemented.

However, to come back to the C.R.P.D., it is only one Convention that has an “Optional Protocol”. And, I believe, India did not ratify the “Optional Protocol”. I would strongly suggest that they do so. This is something that organizations like N.C.P.E.D.P. should work on and encourage the government to ratify the “Optional Protocol”. Because, I can see no reason why a democracy like India should not ratify the “Optional Protocol”. What’s the motivation for that? I know that some of the countries have ratified the Convention with reservations because they have got problems with Article 12 (Legal Capacity) but I believe that it is the question of how they interpreted it. In my opinion, I would strongly discourage any country from ratifying with reservations.

D.N.I.S.: As a U.N. Special Rapporteur, what are the major challenges that lay ahead in 2011?

Shuaib Chalklen: One of the challenges is international cooperation. We don’t exchange enough information on technical capacity. We don’t do that at all. Secondly, implementation is a challenge. If countries ratify the Convention, they must implement. The other challenge that I work on quite frequently, and also mention in different countries is, the position of women with mental disabilities. I don’t know about India, but that’s a huge challenge in Africa.

D.N.I.S.: You are in a very responsible position as of now, in the United Nations. So, what do you think you can do in terms of meeting these challenges?

Shuaib Chalklen: Well, the only thing that I can do is, when I get into a meeting I talk about these issues. I can only raise awareness. I am not an organization, I am just an individual. So, awareness raising is really the main concern.

D.N.I.S.: What other methods would you use?

Shuaib Chalklen: I am targeting a few countries, like the Nordic countries. We are going to have a Nordic Country Meeting on mainstreaming disability in development. However, on the question of goals on women with mental illnesses, I am working with a world network of users and survivors of psychiatry. Another thing I am trying to do is to get on to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (O.E.C.D.) meeting in South Korea. It is very difficult since it is a closed club of some of the richest countries of the world.

D.N.I.S.: How many countries are expected at the O.E.C.D. meeting?

Shuaib Chalklen: Well, I don’t know what the exact membership of the O.E.C.D. is. May be, 12 to 15 countries. However, I have got a very ambitious agenda. If you look at all the things I told you about what a single person is trying to do in this world, then in simple words, I am still trying to make a revolution!

Link:

http://dnis.org/interview.php?issue_id=2&volume_id=8&interview_id=159

2011-10-09T13:13:00.000-07:00

Art in the jailhouse

Jail No. 2, Central Prison, Tihar: A place unlike any other. Here, prisoners lead a fairly normal life, learning to paint, bake cookies and bind books. What's more, at this correctional centre, also known as the Jail Factory, creative art is used to reform inmates.

Praveen is one of them. Just 16 when he arrived in prison after being charged with rape, he paints only black and white portraits and landscapes. He studies with professional artists and teaches beginners. Suresh, an undertrial in Tihar, draws inspiration from his life experiences. Painting has imbued him with confidence — he has 300 works to show and participates in inter-jail painting competitions.

Neuro-psychiatrist Dr Sanjay Chugh, says, "Art therapy acts as a vent for the clogged emotions of these inmates. It can help them cope with stress and traumatic past experiences. Very often, they are inexpressive or reluctant to talk about their problems. This therapy allows them to reveal their thoughts in a non-threatening manner."

Art therapy's extraordinary impact has had remarkable results. Recently, the Ramchander Nath Foundation, an NGO that's been working with Tihar inmates for two years, organized an all-jail art competition in collaboration with Ojas Art and Delhi Prisons. The NGO's founder Anubhav Nath now plans an exhibition of prison talent alongside leading contemporary artists.

This is not the only NGO involved. There is Family Vision, which has conducted art sessions for Tihar inmates since 1993. Family Vision's Sonia Pillai says, "Art helps a prisoner to step away from himself and discover a kinder and gentler side to himself. It provides a positive means of self-expression." Pillai claims that nearly 25,000 adolescent prisoners have benefited from this reform initiative over the last 12 years.

Family Vision also conducts theatre workshops, music and drama presentation and embroidery classes. It also offers personal counselling, character education for adolescent inmates and child development programmes. The theatre programme touches on themes that include anger management, responsible citizenship and the dangers of drug abuse. Each programme is for one prison ward at a time; each draws roughly 300 inmates. "The participation of the inmates in these plays gives them a chance to reflect on their own behaviour and change the way they respond and react to real-life situations," says Pillai.

Sixteen-year-old Jaiveer was a skilled tailor before he arrived in prison. To encourage his skill, the prison administration gifted him an embroidery kit. That was all the push he needed; soon enough, he started embroidering clothes in jail. Three years later, he was acquitted. Now, back home, Jaiveer runs a small but successful tailoring business.

There may be many Jaiveers behind bars but social and legal barriers often make it difficult to bring prisoners into the mainstream, says S K Bharadwaj, retired joint director (prosecution), Meerut range. "Effective rehabilitation programmes help convicts improve their social skills, change their mindset and reduce chances of a re-offence," he says. "Art can act as a cathartic booster to help inmates identify their strengths."

Jail authorities agree. Sunil Kumar, spokesman for Tihar Jail, says creative classes have a sobering and positive impact on the psyche of prisoners. "Our basic motive is to reintegrate prisoners as responsible members of society and help them utilize their time in prison properly," he says. Such value-based training has benefited more than 550 prisoners at a time. "It helps them develop positive personality traits," he says.

Source:

http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-04-05/special-report/28049861_1_tihar-inmates-delhi-prisons-adolescent-prisoners

2008-09-14T07:08:00.000-07:00

I AM : Nethra Raghuraman

The Times of India - I AM - Mind Over Matter

11 Sep 2008

Spirituality for me is a way of saying ‘thank you’ to God for making me feel so blessed. Being spiritual gives me the strength to connect to my inner self and provides me comfort that my life is part of a higher purpose. Of course, there is God. But I also have confidence in the ‘power of self ’ and feel that God is within me. I do visit places of worship, but at the same time, I feel that the temple is in me.

To connect to divinity and develop lofty thoughts, I converse with God. I am not religious per se but I believe in all religions. Although I recognise all physical manifestations and various forms of God, but in a spiritual sense, I deeply connect with the higher being who is omnipotent. During a stressful situation, I selfconnect, which gives me a sense of belonging and reminds me that there is a universal power that is manifest within.

There is a thin line between faith and spirituality and religion and ritual. I live in a state of contemplation that makes me a better and simpler human being. I consider amulets and lucky charms a way of showing belief. I chant mantras but above everything else, I believe in keeping a clear conscience.

My parents and my family has played an important role in my spiritual development. The values they instilled in me have helped me attain a godly connect and a liberal approach towards life. Certain experiences, good and bad, have made me feel being led by God. There is an escape route for everything and if you have faith that you are being led by God, then you are definitely being led and faith will carry you. I follow the power of karma and faith for me is a force of life. Therefore, it is safe to say that I am an ardent believer in the ‘circle of life’ and ‘ karma of the present’. I believe that every difficult situation has a brighter side to it and will lead to better times.

To put my mind at peace, I read. It helps me connect to the infinite. My philosophy in life is to be fair to all. The practice of sahaj has helped me move in a holistic way. To go down myself a spiritual path, I incorporate some of the divine teachings from the Bhagavad Gita in my daily life. But sometimes, I feel things must balance out so that I can connect compassionately with my inner self. I feel that nothing happens that is not destined and determined by God, and so all is good.

(As told to Anika Sharma)

2008-01-19T12:58:00.000-08:00

Not Many Takers For Yakshagana

Anika Sharma finds out why this traditional folk art is dying a slow death in Karnataka

It’s an art form combining vigorous dance, glittering costumes and distinct music with a distinct form of style and rhythm. Yakshagana plays are a stylistic blend of Sanskrit shlokas, refined choreography and ancient texts from the epics like the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. The result is an ethereal atmosphere on stage.

However, this traditional art form of South India, popularly known as opera in western eyes and Aataa in Kannada and Tulu, is dying a slow death. Considered as a living tradition and originally called Bayalatha, Yakshagana, popular in coastal areas of Uttara Kannada and Dakshina Kannada, is losing its earthly folk character. Youngsters today are unaware of this rare and beautiful art.

According to Srinivas Sansthan, secretary, Karnataka Kala Darshini, Yakshagana is declining in popularity because there’s no awareness among the younger generation. “This art form should become a part of school and college curriculum, and should be properly presented. Youngsters will show appreciation and interest only if they understand the history and origin of Yakshagana,” says Srinivas. Yakshagana should be conducted in accordance with natya shastras and with dialogues and mythological scripts. “There should be discussions and seminars on this art form to attract the young. Children need practical lessons. It’s important to teach them this form of story-telling,” he adds.

However, Ganapathi S Hegde, a painter and photographer who has depicted this art form in his works, says: “For me, Yakshagana is a harmony of dance, acting, facial expressions and singing. I am inspired by it. But, now I feel there is an immense cultural difference and a generation gap. There is a lack of awareness among people, but my aim is to promote Yakshagana through my paintings and pictures,” says Hegde.

Srinivas, who has been running a Yakshagana academy for the last 15 years in Bangalore, says, “Many people, mainly school students and housewives from coastal areas, come for our classes at our institute but for most it remains only a hobby. Only 10-15 persons out of 500 from our academy have taken it up professionally. The government is doing very little to promote this art. It should give recognition to artists, promote Yakshagana the way it’s promoting sports and the tourism sector.’’

He adds, “It should lend us support, monetarily and by felicitating artists with some kind of state awards. The government did give us the platform of Janapada Jatre (a festival of folk arts) and World Tourism Day to showcase our talent, but we need more recognition. It should not only be promoting Yakshagana, but should also promote other folk arts like Teerukoothu, Tamasha, etc,” says Srinivas.

He believes Yakshagana can be used to create awareness about social issues. “The government should provide lowbudget stages in every nook and corner of the city so that artists can entertain and educate people through Yakshagana. We conduct various social awareness programmes on HIV/AIDS, women empowerment, national and communal harmony. The authorities should do something to recognise the artist along with the art form. It should also grant funds for Yakshagana troupes,” he says.

Yakshagana needs revival and maybe promoting children’s Yakshagana troupes can help revive it at the grassroots level.

FOLKLORE:

It was started in the 11th century during the Vaishnava Bhakti Movement and is popular in Uttara Kannada, Shimoga, Udupi, Dakshina Kannada and Kasaragod district of Kerala
Famous Yakshagana poet adapted the Ramayana to Yakshagana in 1600
There are two variants of Yakshagana —- badagutittu (a shorter and more modern form) and Tenkutittu (less exuberant costumes and accompanied by a Kerala maddalam)
Also used in puppetry. There were some 30 string puppet troupes between 1910 and 1915

2008-01-19T12:56:00.000-08:00

Karnataka: A state without enough power
10 April 2007, Tuesday

One of the biggest problems in India is the lack of adequate electricity. Karnataka is yet another state which is witnessing electricity woes that are hampering its overall growth. It’s time the government considered alternate energy sources.

KARNATAKA IS DOING much to attract investments, but is there the infrastructure to sustain all investments? One of the biggest problems here is the of lack of adequate electricity. Every now and then you hear of IT giants wanting to move to Hyderabad or even Himachal Pradesh, their prime complaint being lack of power. Power is being misused and stolen; never mind what noises the political bigwigs make.

The State needs 105 Mega Units (MU) per month, but it gets only 80 MU, inclusive of purchases from the Central Power Grid. It is in talks with the Central Government to buy 300 MU for consumption till April. Availability of water in hydel reservoirs has also dropped. The water level in Sharavathy Valley, which is the mainstay of hydel power supply in the State, has also gone down. The demand for electricity this year, has reached to 17,400 MW, resulting in a deficit of about 5500 MW during peak hours. Last year, almost 1100 MW was taken from the Central Government, but it is not possible to ask the Centre every time you have a deficit. Load shedding, therefore, has become inevitable in the State in both rural and urban areas.

Power theft is not something new. It has been around for years, but has been kept well under wraps by all those who line their pockets, cleverly couched in the category of “transmission and distribution losses” along with power leakage.

The farmers suffer the most, load-shedding in rural areas going up to more than six hours a day. Urbanites are slightly luckier, but they have to deal with frequent power cuts too. Bangalore is known as the Silicon Valley of India, but its growth is being curtailed by power shortages. This would have an adverse effect on Karnataka’s economy.

The Union Ministry of Power is planning Ultra Mega Power Projects (UMPP) in seven areas by July 2007. Karwar in Karnataka is one of the areas. It is also taking other initiatives to set up merchant power plants by private developers. But, all this can be successful only if the issue of power theft is tackled effectively by the government. It is unacceptable for a country that aspires to be a superpower to lose some 30 per cent of the electricity it generates, under the head of transmission and distribution losses.

The government should also try and find a methodology to generate more electric units for consumption, like windfarming, alternate energy sources, setting up diesel power generating units and laying a gas grid etc. It will be better to harness wind energy and set up various mini and micro hydro-electric schemes for power generation, rather than focusing purely on conventional means of electricity generation. With the entire world turning away from traditional sources of power, it is about time Karnataka used its vast pool of scientific talent to find new means of satisfying the increasing hunger for power in the state.

2008-01-19T12:53:00.000-08:00

Let the Cauvery flow, quietly
13 April 2007, Friday

Karnataka did get a low share in comparison to Tamilnadu after the Cauvery water Tribunal apportioned water between the two states besides Kerala and Pondicherry. The need of the hour right now is to act with discretion.

POLITICIANS WRINGING their hands over the Cauvery Tribunal’s award and the impetuous reactions from various sections of the society in Karnataka have only left the state in the grip of a fear of riots.

The state cabinet decided to appeal against the award it considers unfair, in comparison to what Tamilnadu has been awarded. Kerala and Pondicherry, the other two states that are also downstream beneficiaries of the water from Cauvery may well follow suit.

What will anyone gain from all this posturing except to prolong the agony and stall the progress in finding ways is to optimize the use of this diminishing resource that nature alone can allocate, no matter what mortals decree or wish? The only way to disregard this tribunal is by damning for having done injustice to farmers of the Cauvery River basin.

The Tribunal apportioned 270 tmcft of Cauvery water to Karnataka, while Tamil Nadu got the lion’s share of 470 tmcft. Earlier the Karnataka Government had pressed for its original demand for 465 tmcft of water to meet its irrigation and drinking water needs.

Karnataka needs 408 tmcft for irrigating 2.7 million acres of land, and 46 tmcft for drinking water purposes. What was promised was not delivered. However, the final award has clearly stated that the proportion of water shared between the states Tamil Nadu and Karnataka should be the same, as in a normal year.

Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Karunanidhi, who welcomed the Tribunal’s award, has asked the Cauvery Management Board to seek clear guidelines on the award. It is a direct slap on the face of Karnataka by the Karunanidhi Government, which clearly wants to show that it means business. When Karnataka Chief Minister H D Kumaraswamy was busy reshuffling his ministry, Karunanidhi was in the national capital, two days prior to the Cauvery verdict.

This is the time for Kumaraswamy to actually learn some real politics from Karunanidhi and maintain silence on this issue. What couldn’t be done for so long cannot be done now?

Attempting to undo what’s done, can only mean hurting the farmers for whom crocodile tears are no substitute to irrigate their field. People do accept the reality and get on with life, instead of destroying public property and wasting productive man-hours on futile ego trips of politics. Discretion is the better for this state and all the states as such.

2008-01-19T12:48:00.000-08:00

Musharraf’s 4-point proposal: A durable solution?
11 April 2007, Wednesday

We have witnessed many ups and downs in the efforts of India and Pakistan to settle the issue of Kashmir. A new development in this direction comes from Gen. Musharraf in form of a four-point proposal, but this will only ruin the relations further.

THERE IS something quite revealing about General Musharraf’s four-point proposal for Kashmir. In his interview to a private news channel, General said if India is willing to remove its troops from the highly militarized Himalayan region, Pakistan will give up its claim for Kashmir.

But, this will only ruin and contaminate the relations between both the nations. By making such comments, General Musharraf is inviting trouble for Pakistan on the global arena. And, by relocating the troops from the Himalayan region to Punjab and Himachal Pradesh would offer more room for the Jehadis. It will provide them with easy access not only to Kashmir, but to other parts of India too. It will move the terror bracket close to the much-guarded political capital of India.

Musharraf’s new plan can be described as “unilateral concessions” to India by Pakistan. But, Kashmir has been a much-disputed issue between both the nations for 58 years, and now it is time to show flexibility over this vexed problem. Musharraf’s proposal can be discussed between the two neighbours only if they work together and fight divisive forces. Musharraf seems to be under tremendous pressure from the US, and by offering such peace-making concessions to India, he hopes to settle with a quick judgment on the Kashmir issue.

India and Pakistan have progressed in several areas of the composite dialogue, including the launch of a bus service between the divided parts of Kashmir, the Khokrapar-Munabao rail link, the reopening of consulates, easy visa process and confidence-building measures on nuclear issues. But, this has still not helped in resolving the Kashmir issue.

What could be a better solution? Is the Indian Prime Minister going to bat an eyelid on the Musharraf’s proposal? Can’t say so.

The issue is complicated and it demands a strong peace dialogue between Foreign Ministries of both the countries. General’s proposal for Kashmir is just food for thought, and is only aimed at testing the public reaction. There is nothing concrete, new or substantial in his proposal. It is only to malign the Indian power.

Musharraf’s new proposal is only the repetition of the Katwari Plan that has been in the process of implementation for the last 10 years. The Katwari Plan only aims at “extricating” Kashmir Valley from India. Musharraf was sufficiently ambiguous in his proposal, and wants his domestic audience, especially the restive people of Pakistan occupied Kashmir to react. He wants to show the international community that he has kept his side of the bargain. However, there has to be a negotiation for settlement between both the nations, and the issue should be resolved in a sincere and purposeful manner. And, one can only hope that this time, both India and Pakistan will work together to find a solution.

Media in question?

2007-04-10T00:26:00.000-07:00

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF MEDIA IN EDUCATING THE UNEDUCATED?

Eunuch in a Delhi home - dancing on the tune of Tabla and Harmonium.

PHOTO BY: Anika Sharma

What role can Media play in educating the families of eunuchs, especially young eunuchs and also how can it educate the society about transgender, transsexuals, eunuchs, kothis and hijras? How many of us know who eunuchs are, and who hijras are?

How much space is given in the newspapers or on Television how many minutes/seconds are allotted to talk or discuss about such sensitive issues. The eunuchs are a part of society, and they too have a life…. then why are they considered different from the mainstream?

They are stereotyped by the society and are figures of rejection. Many of them have been the brunt of crude jokes. What is it that Media is doing in order to educate and inform the parents of such eunuchs? What is it that the Society is doing in accepting eunuchs and helping them in expressing their sexuality or sharing their sexual identity in the normal society?

Let's have a discussion and get this kickin' as future journalists. What are we going to do if someday we have to write on such sensitive issues? How are we going to deal with this section of society?

Anika Sharma

Check the link:

http://wearethebest.wordpress.com/2007/04/10/how-should-media-deal-with-eunuchs-hijras/

2007-02-18T22:52:00.000-08:00

WHAT DO I THINK ABOUT INVESTIGATIVE JOURNALISM ?

Journalism is a profession in which timely distribution of information is integral for public interest. In any country, public enlightenment is the forerunner of democracy and justice. The foremost duty of a journalist is to report facts, seek truth and provide a fair and comprehensive account of issues. Journalists should cover issues that are of human interest and have an element of investigation in it. A journalist’s credibility is always at stake and professional integrity is the cornerstone.

In today’s new and confusing world, media has showcased reality in form of sensationalisation. In journalism, sensationalism is a common complaint and therefore it is required that the journalist should take the responsibility to fix up the factual errors if persist anywhere in the story. Media needs to be bias and friendly. Accuracy is regarded as the core value in maintaining credibility in journalism. Investigative Journalism is a term that is used as an information-gathering exercise. It involves undercover work, which is to covert private detectives, spying and it brings an extra burden on ethical standards.

Investigative Journalism requires covering political corruption, studying social and legal issues, investigating issues concerning the society at large. The reporter analyses the details, submits the report containing immediate news. In this kind of journalism, a lot of scrutiny and fact-finding is done to yield results. Some of the major investigative cases in the history of journalism are The Watergate Scandal, The Booker Prize Case, Natwar Singh, Tehelka Case, Volcker Issue, etc. Even after so many years, Watergate is considered as the perfect example for investigative journalism. It requires critical enquiry and in-depth reporting and research. Investigative journalism has helped in bringing down governments, politicians and has triggered legislation. Journalism can be understood in many different forms in the framework of mass media. Investigative Journalism teaches how to relate itself with the legal system and to carve out a place for ethics in investigations and the influence of new technologies on journalistic practices.

The field of investigative journalism brings to the forefront what interests the society and affects people in particular. It affects human interests and fair governance. This means conducting in depth research, looking at public records, doing extensive interviews and checking and rechecking facts before publication. Investigative reporting is basically ‘fast journalism’ or ‘watchdog reporting’. It reports crimes, malpractices within the legal administrative system, injustice, and stories of human interest like reporting on environment, disease and other unfair practices.

This kind of journalism can instill fear in those who are wrong and can move public opinion. Terrorist activities, drug trafficking, money laundering and so on are brought to the notice of the world by investigative journalism. This journalism is what shapes democracy and protects the lives of the innocent. An investigative journalist is required to work within the confines of ethics written and unwritten, and the laws. It is news with the difference and means reporting the unknown, and the hidden. It is considered as the custodian of public conscience.

2007-02-18T22:40:00.000-08:00

Is your wall plastered?
Posters are howling at the walls in your city, everywhere!!

Walls are plastered with posters all over the city. They tell you who’s coming on a tour next month, who’s won the elections, who’s performing tonight, and where’s the music concert happening. The walls are plastered deep with acres and acres of paper. Posters are ephemeral by nature, and when glanced once, they are plastered over in our memory as they are on the walls. Posters stuck on the campus walls, on government office walls, buses, traffic booths, and traffic signboards, create a very sorrowful picture.
Despite the notices issued by the Bangalore Mahanagar Palike (BMP) in January 2006, posters are still stuck on the walls outside the BMTC office, the Rural Development Building, on traffic signboards on MG road, Brigade road, and Shanti Nagar. The authorities have not taken any stern action against the people who are responsible for not keeping the city clean. Posters are simply howling at the walls. This is a menace to the commuters who travel across acres and acres of paper, and are not able to read the name of the destination they want to go to.
These posters announce nothing more than a cheap furniture advertisement, arrival of some VIP in the area, some kind of an election campaign, a dharna or a protest in the city, or about some fest in some college. “Why is it that we ourselves can’t take an initiative to keep our surroundings clean? Why is it that we need some kind of an authority to take action, or pass a judgement, or make an announcement? We can’t always blame the authority for not making an effort in this direction, it is the soul responsibility of each one of us to abide by the law, and follow the judgement,” said BMP employee (name withheld).
At the Rural Development Office on the Mysore road, it is clearly mentioned “Stick No Bills,” but we can still see so many movie stars filling up the space on the empty walls. Its not only about sticking posters, pamphlets, advertisement copies, ‘missing person’ notices, ‘wanted person’ posters by the police, but it is also about painting and writing the names of your political parties, and religious leaders on the walls.
There was a rule that was passed by the BMP that wall-posters would be restricted only to residential street areas. But, movie posters still reign supreme, because of the publicity by the distributors. With the State Government banning the sticking of wall-posters at public places, educational institutions, and places of worship, including walls of Government Offices, film distributors have found an alternative to this, walls of public-private companies.
The annual revenue generated from advertisement tax by the BMP is meager, and it is incurring heavy losses, said one of the officials at the BMP office. Advertisement posters are erected throughout Bangalore, without the authorization and permission of the BMP. The policy concerning banning of wall-posters is found in the by-laws framed by the City Municipal Corporation, under the city of Bangalore Municipal Corporation Act 1949. These laws were implemented in 1956, and are currently in the process of being amended.
Citizens are not allowed to stick posters in open and public spaces promoting events. According to the Karnataka Open Places (prevention of disfigurement) Act, 1981 (as amended), and notifications there under, sticking of posters on public and private property have been prohibited. Therefore, it is the need of the hour, for the authorities, and as well as the citizens to wake up to a clean Bangalore, and abide by the law.
The policy for sticking bunters or posters is strictly by the permission of the Deputy Director of Advertising, BMP. And, grievances can be forwarded to the grievance cell, or to the Commissioner of the BMP. If posters stuck on the walls by the concerned parties are not removed within the stipulated time, then BMP is liable to fine a penalty of Rs. 1000 against the concerned party. Also, authority is given to the Deputy Zonal Commissioners, Zonal Health Officers, Junior and Senior Health Officers, to remove such posters without giving any prior notice to the party responsible for affixing them.

Shanti Bhavan

2007-02-18T05:51:00.000-08:00

THE GEORGE FOUNDATION: A Beacon Of Hope For Rural India

If there is a God,
It rests in Shanti Bhavan.
If there is a heaven,
It is Shanti Bhavan
…… (Anika)

Students of Shanti Bhavan at the Welcome Ceremony.

COURTESY: IIJNM Photos

God is manifested in all of us, but one of the most magnificent projects run by The George Foundation is the Shanti Bhavan, and the Baldev Medical Hospital. Shanti Bhavan is nothing less than a wonder. It is an educational institution located on the outskirts of Tamil Nadu. Shanti Bhavan is a charity school run by the George Foundation in Balaganapalli, District Deveerapalli. It is approximately 35 kilometers away from the Hosur district. The George Foundation is a non-governmental, non-profit organization that is licensed under the Indian Trust Act, and is working for the welfare of the community. The Shanti Bhavan project was started in 1997, almost 9 years ago and it still has its values intact. The foundation is also running a charitable Hospital named Baldev and providing medical and health facilities to almost 16 villages in Tamil Nadu, covering 9 villages in Karnataka and few more villages on the outskirts of Andhra Pradesh.

Lush green trees surround Shanti Bhavan, it has a congenial and a harmonious environment. The school is spread approximately in 30 acres and has all the facilities that a child needs. The school provides education of International standards for the village children. Dr. Abraham M George, who is the founder of TGF, has invested almost everything for the betterment of the society, and to enhance the standard of living of the people who are below the poverty line. Shanti Bhavan is a place that will actually produce the future of India. It is because of the efforts of Dr. George and his magnanimity that Shanti Bhavan has kept together all its morals in place. The school is an amalgamation of principles, moral values and ethics. Children of the less privileged are offered quality education, nutritional food, clothing, stationary and most importantly love and care. Dr. George is a messiah for the downtrodden. He has shown exemplary courage and worked hard to carve out a niche in yeomen service.

The best we can be... mantra of Shanti Bhavan.

COURTESY: IIJNM Photos

It needs a lot of perseverance and determination to bring such projects to reality. The George Foundation is concerned for the dying destitute and serves them relentlessly. Human service is the most beautiful form of worship. The George Foundation is a beacon of hope and light to thousands of people all across the South India. The main motive of this organization is to promote equal values, and to eradicate poverty. It is an example of true love, brotherhood, compassion and humility. Dr. George and his foundation has devoted their life to those poorest of the poor by bringing love and joy to their faces and to those whom the world generally has shunned. Shanti Bhavan has lighted up with its soft glow the life of those children who were in strain and turmoil. No matter what status, station or religion these children belong to, life has its own challenges and TGF is helping them by preparing them to be responsible citizens by inheriting integrity.

The affiliation of the heart, the passion within and our very own nature makes us human. For the students of Indian Institute of Journalism and New Media, Bangalore visiting Shanti Bhavan proved to be a wonderful experience. The earth was smiling in green, and the day brought joy, happiness, love, and a promise of a rich fulfilling day. The George Foundation is dedicated to promote true democratic values and designate humanitarianism. After the trip to Shanti Bhavan, one of the students of IIJNM, remarked “Its indeed an honour. The children are so intelligent and understanding. Welcoming ceremony was the best and these young kids sung beautiful songs. I am moved with the whole concept of Shanti Bhavan, even I wasn’t so disciplined in my school days. After seeing the activities of the school and the project of the banana transplantation carried out by Dr. George, I am amazed. It would be a miraculous opportunity for me if I get to serve those innocent poor children who have to suffer a lot to survive. I want to eradicate those norms that are totally a menace to the society. I am truly overwhelmed by the whole idea and consider myself fortunate enough that I met these kids”.

The George Foundation also has a Tillany Museum for the artists who can display their work and paintings. The organization is also planning to introduce an art and craft programme for the village women so that they can be independent and can earn a living for themselves. Dr. George is contributing a lot for the welfare of the women and has given them authoritative positions in the banana fields and in Shanti Bhavan. This will be a great opportunity and women of the village would be able to support and feed themselves on their own. The foundation is committed to the service of humanity, women empowerment and lays emphasis on the betterment of the economically and socially backward people. The Baldev Medical Hospital and Shanti Bhavan are the two largest projects run by the foundation in India. Shanti Bhavan admits children from 3 and half years to 17 years and is affiliated to the ICSE Board. Shanti Bhavan has a water recycle plant and everyday approximately 60,000 liters of water is recycled. Children like Rahul, Rajesh, Rajni, Khusma are fortunate enough that they have got a home away from home, but a better one. The school has a music room with all the classical and modern instruments like flute, guitar, piano, tabla, etc. It also has an Ethel Caldwell Art Room where students can learn various forms of art from spray-painting, to toy making, colour cycle, etc.

If you want to see God then it is a must to visit Shanti Bhavan. This is the place where heaven meets earth and a bond of love, trust and affection is formed. It has been justifiably stated by one of the thinkers that the fact of life is - “Yesterday is already a dream, and tomorrow only a vision. So work to make every yesterday a dream and tomorrow a vision of hope”.